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Family planning

Natural family planning: Get Pregnant Faster by Monitoring Your Cycle

Identifying Your Fertile Time When Trying for a Baby


A 28-day cycle and ovulation on day 14 – that's the textbook cycle. Right? However Female fertility is a highly complex issue. Medically speaking, "normal" cycles are between 23 and 35 days in length1. Ovulation does not always take place right in the middle. Many women may experience variations in cycle length due to hormonal changes at different ages due to stress, changes in the environment, or other circumstances. This is not a problem in principle, but if you really want to get pregnant, or employ natural contraceptive methods . it would be nice to know one thing: how can you identify the fertile days in your cycle? 

When is a woman most fertile?

Most pregnancies occur if sex takes place on the day of ovulation or up to two days beforehand. Therefore, if you know your body and certain ovulation signs, things are somewhat easier. And not only that: if pregnancy does not occur after some time spent in the bedroom, observing your cycle can help to identify the reason faster. But let's look at the ideal situation first: ovulation takes place at some point in the cycle. . So how do you work out “when am I fertile ?” and how can you recognize the signs?


What is a sign of ovulation?


Typical ovulation signs are:
  • Changes in the vaginal fluid: from whitish and sticky to runny and/or stretchy
  • Other sensation in the vaginal area: you may notice a "flowing" sensation and the vagina becomes wet more quickly during sex 
  • Tightness or twinges in the abdomen – can be central, to the left or right (known as mid-cycle pain)  
  • The cervix is softer and slightly open

After menstrual bleeding, the body begins to rebuild the lining of the uterus and create the "nest" for the embryo. During this period before ovulation, the concentration of the LH (luteinizing hormone) increases. Together with the FSH (follicle stimulating hormone), it causes the maturation of the follicles in which the egg cells are located, and the production of the female sex hormones estrogen and progesterone. The latter cause the changes that women may notice during their cycle.
The "cervical mucus" is particularly important as a fertility awareness method. The vaginal fluid during the cycle plays an essential role in fertility: it is supposed to protect the sperm cells and assist their journey to the egg. For this purpose, the cervical mucus changes its consistency. During the infertile period, very little mucus is usually noticeable or it is rather thick and white.
The more fertile the woman is, the runnier and more like raw egg white it becomes. If you are able to stretch the cervical mucus found at the exit of the vagina between your fingers and it remains completely elastic, these are the best conditions for the sperm to enter the uterus and access the egg. The vaginal fluid not only provides the sperm with energy, it also protects them from the acidic – and therefore actually sperm-hostile – vaginal environment.
The quantity of vaginal fluid varies from woman to woman, as does the consistency: from the stretchy egg white consistency described above to an almost watery fluid, there are several variants. Some women also see almost nothing, but experience a "flowing" sensation around the time of ovulation. Make a note of the changes you see and feel, and find out whether you can identify your own rhythm. A fertility calender may also be of help to you.
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Different methods of cycle tracking

There are various methods for tracking the menstrual cycle. In the 1920s, doctors Ogino and Knaus recognized the connection between ovulation and the time of the next period – the foundations for the calendar method were laid.7 However, this variant is not very reliable due to the varying lengths of cycles.

A short time later the link between body temperature and ovulation was discovered. The conclusion that pregnancy is easier to achieve when the vaginal fluid is particularly fluid was reached back in the mid-19th century.

In the 1950s, doctors John Billings and Josef Rötzer went on to discover that women themselves could observe when their most fertile time was. Rötzer developed the temperature and cervical mucus method into the so-called "Sympto-Thermal Method".

Women who observe their cycle so closely often get a good sense of their physical signals over time without measuring them – these signals are not suitable for contraception without accurate temperature evaluation, but they are certainly suitable for increasing the chances of pregnancy.


How observing your cycle can help with problems

This exact representation of the cycle is particularly helpful with the Sympto-Thermal Method, if a woman finds she is struggling to get pregnant. With the help of the temperature curve and other notes, for example, it is possible to determine whether ovulation is actually occurring at all, and how long the two halves of the cycle are.

For successful implantation of the fertilized egg, it is crucial that the time after ovulation until menstrual bleeding (the so-called luteal or secretory phase) is sufficiently long. Not every cycle that is 28 days long and appears to be perfect will necessarily be a cycle in which you can fall pregnant: for example, it may be that ovulation occurs very late and the second half of the cycle is too short. If the high temperature lasts for less than 10 days, the cycle may not be fertile. If you notice that the time after ovulation is very short, the doctor may specifically look for a progesterone deficiency in your blood.

Cycle tracking can therefore be used to identify problems with fertility and help to find the cause and correct treatment faster. Quite apart from that, for many women it is simply a great feeling to know their own body better!

Photos: Shutterstock, Unsplash

Sources:

Natürlich und sicher – Das Praxisbuch: Familienplanung mit Sensiplan, Working Group NFP, 20th edition, Trias Verlag, ePub

Natürliche Familienplanung heute, Raith-Paula, Frank-Hermann, Freundl, Strowitzki, 4th edition